 .MS - Montserrat
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1 Year at 54.95
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Background: |
Much of this island was
devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the
eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995.
Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption
occurring in July 2003. |
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Location: |
Caribbean, island in the
Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico |
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Geographic coordinates: |
16 45 N, 62 12 W |
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Map references: |
Central America and the
Caribbean |
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Area: |
total: 102 sq km
land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km |
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Area - comparative: |
about 0.6 times the size of
Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries: |
0 km |
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Coastline: |
40 km |
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Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
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Climate: |
tropical; little daily or
seasonal temperature variation |
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Terrain: |
volcanic island, mostly
mountainous, with small coastal lowland |
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Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Caribbean
Sea 0 m highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills
volcanic complex) 914 m |
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Natural resources: |
NEGL |
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Land use: |
arable land: 20%
permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2001) |
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Irrigated land: |
NA sq km |
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Natural hazards: |
severe hurricanes (June to
November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted
continuously since 1995) |
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Environment - current issues: |
land erosion occurs on slopes
that have been cleared for cultivation |
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Geography - note: |
the island is entirely volcanic
in origin and contains seven active volcanoes |
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Population: |
9,341 note: an
estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of
volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2005 est.) |
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Age structure: |
0-14 years: 23.3% (male
1,109/female 1,072) 15-64 years: 65.6% (male 2,923/female
3,201) 65 years and over: 11.1% (male 536/female 500) (2005
est.) |
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Median age: |
total: 28.56 years
male: 28.29 years female: 28.79 years (2005 est.)
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Population growth rate: |
1.04% (2005 est.) |
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Birth rate: |
17.56 births/1,000 population
(2005 est.) |
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Death rate: |
7.17 deaths/1,000 population
(2005 est.) |
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Net migration rate: |
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2005 est.) |
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Sex ratio: |
at birth: 1.05
male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64
years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.07
male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005
est.) |
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Infant mortality rate: |
total: 7.35 deaths/1,000
live births male: 8.55 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: 78.71
years male: 76.54 years female: 80.98 years (2005
est.) |
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Total fertility rate: |
1.78 children born/woman (2005
est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: |
NA |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths: |
NA |
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Nationality: |
noun: Montserratian(s)
adjective: Montserratian |
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Ethnic groups: |
black, white |
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Religions: |
Anglican, Methodist, Roman
Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian
denominations |
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Languages: |
English |
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Literacy: |
definition: age 15 and
over has ever attended school total population: 97%
male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.) |
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Country name: |
conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Montserrat |
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Dependency status: |
overseas territory of the UK
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Government type: |
NA |
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Capital: |
Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due
to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at
Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end
of Montserrat) |
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Administrative divisions: |
3 parishes; Saint Anthony,
Saint Georges, Saint Peter |
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Independence: |
none (overseas territory of the
UK) |
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National holiday: |
Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II,
second Saturday in June (1926) |
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Constitution: |
present constitution came into
force 19 December 1989 |
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Legal system: |
English common law and
statutory law |
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Suffrage: |
18 years of age; universal
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Executive branch: |
chief of state: Queen
ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Deborah
BARNES-JONES (since 10 May 2004) head of government: Chief
Minister John OSBORNE (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Executive
Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other
ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary
elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the
monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party
usually becomes chief minister |
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Legislative branch: |
unicameral Legislative Council
(11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)
note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with
attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members
elections: last held April 2001 (next to be held by November
2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats
by party - NPLM 7, NPP 2 note: in 2001, the Elections
Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby
all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative
Council |
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Judicial branch: |
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
(based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the
islands and presides over the High Court) |
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Political parties and leaders: |
National Progressive Party or
NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A.
OSBORNE] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders: |
NA |
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International organization participation: |
Caricom, CDB, ICFTU, Interpol
(subbureau), OECS, UPU |
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Diplomatic representation in the US: |
none (overseas territory of the
UK) |
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Diplomatic representation from the US: |
none (overseas territory of the
UK) |
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Flag description: |
blue, with the flag of the UK
in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms
centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman
standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross
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Economy - overview: |
Severe volcanic activity, which
began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A
catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports,
causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000
inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of
housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be
affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of
crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in
relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK
has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct
the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for
another decade. |
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GDP: |
purchasing power parity - $29
million (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate: |
-1% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita: |
purchasing power parity -
$3,400 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector: |
agriculture: 5.4%
industry: 13.6% services: 81% (1996 est.) |
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Population below poverty line: |
NA |
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Household income or consumption by percentage
share: |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): |
2.6% (2002 est.) |
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Labor force: |
4,521 (lowered by flight of
people from volcanic activity) (2000 est.) |
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Labor force - by occupation: |
agriculture NA%, industry NA%,
services NA% |
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Unemployment rate: |
6% (1998 est.) |
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Budget: |
revenues: $31.4 million
expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of
$8.4 million (1997 est.) |
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Agriculture - products: |
cabbages, carrots, cucumbers,
tomatoes, onions, peppers, livestock products |
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Industries: |
tourism, rum, textiles,
electronic appliances |
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Industrial production growth rate: |
NA% |
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Electricity - production: |
1.8 million kWh (2002) |
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Electricity - production by source: |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
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Electricity - consumption: |
1.674 million kWh (2002) |
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Electricity - exports: |
0 kWh (2002) |
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Electricity - imports: |
0 kWh (2002) |
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Oil - production: |
0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption: |
400 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports: |
NA |
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Oil - imports: |
NA |
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Exports: |
$700,000 (2001) |
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Exports - commodities: |
electronic components, plastic
bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle |
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Exports - partners: |
US, Antigua and Barbuda |
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Imports: |
$17 million (2001) |
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Imports - commodities: |
machinery and transportation
equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related
materials |
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Imports - partners: |
US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago,
Japan, Canada |
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Debt - external: |
$8.9 million (1997) |
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Economic aid - recipient: |
Country Policy Plan (2001) is a
three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary
assistance (2002 est.) |
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Currency: |
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
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Currency code: |
XCD |
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Exchange rates: |
East Caribbean dollars per US
dollar - 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000)
note: fixed rate since 1976 |
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Fiscal year: |
1 April - 31 March
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| Communications |
Montserrat |
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Telephones - main lines in use: |
NA |
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Telephones - mobile cellular: |
70 (1994) |
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Telephone system: |
general assessment:
modern and fully digitalized domestic: NA
international: country code - 1-664 |
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Radio broadcast stations: |
AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
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Radios: |
7,000 (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations: |
1 (1997) |
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Televisions: |
3,000 (1997) |
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Internet country code: |
.ms |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs): |
17 (2000) |
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Internet users: |
NA |
| Transportation |
Montserrat |
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Highways: |
total: 227 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note:
volcanic eruptions beginning in 1995 destroyed most of the road system
(2003) |
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Ports and harbors: |
Plymouth (abandoned), Little
Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay |
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Airports: |
1 (2004 est.) |
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Airports - with paved runways: |
total: 1 under
914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
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Military branches: |
no regular military forces;
Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005) |
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Military - note: |
defense is the responsibility
of the UK |
| Transnational Issues |
Montserrat |
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Disputes - international: |
none |
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Illicit drugs: |
transshipment point for South
American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
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