 .TK - Turkelau
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1 Year at 24.95
2 Years required
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Background: |
Originally settled by
Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands
were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New
Zealand administration in 1925. |
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Location: |
Oceania, group of three atolls
in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New
Zealand |
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Geographic coordinates: |
9 00 S, 172 00 W |
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Map references: |
Oceania |
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Area: |
total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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Area - comparative: |
about 17 times the size of The
Mall in Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries: |
0 km |
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Coastline: |
101 km |
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Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
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Climate: |
tropical; moderated by trade
winds (April to November) |
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Terrain: |
low-lying coral atolls
enclosing large lagoons |
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Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Pacific
Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
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Natural resources: |
NEGL |
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Land use: |
arable land: 0% (soil is
thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100%
(2001) |
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Irrigated land: |
NA sq km |
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Natural hazards: |
lies in Pacific typhoon belt
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Environment - current issues: |
very limited natural resources
and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand |
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Geography - note: |
consists of three atolls, each
with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying
length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
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Population: |
1,405 (July 2005 est.) |
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Age structure: |
0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53%
65 years and over: 5% (2005 est.)
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Population growth rate: |
-0.01% (2005 est.) |
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Birth rate: |
NA |
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Death rate: |
NA |
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Net migration rate: |
NA |
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Sex ratio: |
NA |
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Infant mortality rate: |
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA |
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Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: NA
male: 68 years
female: 70 years (2005 est.) |
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Total fertility rate: |
NA |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: |
NA |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths: |
NA |
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Nationality: |
noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
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Ethnic groups: |
Polynesian |
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Religions: |
Congregational Christian Church
70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all
Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic;
on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church
predominant |
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Languages: |
Tokelauan (a Polynesian
language), English |
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Literacy: |
NA |
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Country name: |
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
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Dependency status: |
self-administering territory of
New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing
institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free
association with New Zealand |
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Government type: |
NA |
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Capital: |
none; each atoll has its own
administrative center |
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Administrative divisions: |
none (territory of New Zealand)
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Independence: |
none (territory of New Zealand)
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National holiday: |
Waitangi Day (Treaty of
Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February
(1840) |
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Constitution: |
administered under the Tokelau
Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 |
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Legal system: |
New Zealand and local statutes
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Suffrage: |
21 years of age; universal
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Executive branch: |
chief of state: Queen
ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of
New Zealand Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001); New Zealand is
represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since 1 March 2003)
head
of government: Pio TUIA (since February 2005); note - position rotates
annually among the three Faipule (village leaders)
cabinet: the
Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule
(village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors) functions as a
cabinet
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary;
administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in
New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule
and serves a one-year term |
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Legislative branch: |
unicameral General Fono (21
seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands
elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats,
Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act
of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
elections: last held January 2002 (next to be held January
2005) |
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Judicial branch: |
Supreme Court in New Zealand
exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau |
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Political parties and leaders: |
none |
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Political pressure groups and leaders: |
none |
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International organization participation: |
UNESCO (associate), UPU |
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Diplomatic representation in the US: |
none (territory of New Zealand)
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Diplomatic representation from the US: |
none (territory of New Zealand)
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Flag description: |
the flag of New Zealand is used
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Economy - overview: |
Tokelau's small size (three
villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic
development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people
rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to
maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than
GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage
stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to
families from relatives in New Zealand. |
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GDP: |
purchasing power parity - $1.5
million (1993 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate: |
NA |
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GDP - per capita: |
purchasing power parity -
$1,000 (1993 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector: |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
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Population below poverty line: |
NA |
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Household income or consumption by percentage
share: |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): |
NA% |
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Labor force: |
NA |
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Unemployment rate: |
NA% |
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Budget: |
revenues: $430,800
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of
$37,300 (1987 est.) |
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Agriculture - products: |
coconuts, copra, breadfruit,
papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats |
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Industries: |
small-scale enterprises for
copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
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Industrial production growth rate: |
NA% |
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Electricity - production: |
NA kWh |
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Electricity - production by source: |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001)
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Electricity - consumption: |
NA kWh |
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Exports: |
$98,000 f.o.b. (1983) |
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Exports - commodities: |
stamps, copra, handicrafts
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Exports - partners: |
New Zealand (2000) |
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Imports: |
$323,000 c.i.f. (1983) |
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Imports - commodities: |
foodstuffs, building materials,
fuel |
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Imports - partners: |
New Zealand (2000) |
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Debt - external: |
$0 |
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Economic aid - recipient: |
from New Zealand about $4
million annually |
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Currency: |
New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
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Currency code: |
NZD |
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Exchange rates: |
New Zealand dollars per US
dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001),
2.2012 (2000) |
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Fiscal year: |
1 April - 31 March
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Telephones - main lines in use: |
300 (2002) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular: |
0 (2001) |
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Telephone system: |
general assessment:
modern satellite-based communications system;
domestic:
radiotelephone service between islands
international: country
code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated
telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established
in 1997 |
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Radio broadcast stations: |
AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002)
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Radios: |
1,000 (1997) |
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Internet country code: |
.tk |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs): |
1 (2000) |
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Internet users: |
NA |
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Highways: |
total: NA
paved: NA
unpaved: NA |
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Ports and harbors: |
none; offshore anchorage only
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Airports: |
none; lagoon landings are
possible by amphibious aircraft (2004 est.) |
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Military - note: |
defense is the responsibility
of New Zealand |
| Transnational Issues |
Tokelau |
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Disputes - international: |
none |
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